Assignment 16: Annotated Bibliography -Henry Adams

 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Pponpb3KjDCjhLhokA-MKA4M_tKM7gV3fhvQJEwOelA/edit?usp=sharing

Assignment 16 Jake Walters

Annotated Bibliography for Ap Lang

Rise of Suicide In Teenagers

Davis Leslie, Geiger A.W.. A growing number of American teenagers – particularly girls – are facing depression. Pew Research Center, 12 July 2019. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2019/07/12/a-growing-number-of-american-teenagers-particularly-girls-are-facing-depression/

In the article, both David Leslie and former Pew Research writer Geiger A.W., discusses the findings from a report conducted by the Pew Research Center. In the research conducted by Pew, it was found that depression rates have been going up since 2007. In 2007, it was reported that 8% of all teens aged from 12-17 experienced depression but in 2017, it was reported that 13% of all teens had experienced a form of depression. This shows how depression in teenagers has been slowly creeping up and only getting worse in society. Also in this data, it was found that teenage girls have higher rates of depression compared to boys, but females are more likely to seek help than males. This research will help me articulate how teen suicide is becoming a greater problem in today’s society because of the rise of depression in many teenagers and a lack of knowing how to properly handle it. 

Ivey-Stephenson AZ, Demissie Z, Crosby AE, et al. Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors Among High School Students — Youth Risk Behavior Survey, United States, 2019. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 21 August 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/su/su6901a6.htm?s_cid=su6901a6_w

This article, written by multiple doctors who specilize in the field of mental health, discuss how there has also been a rise in suicide in teenagers as well alongside depression. Suicide is the second leading cause of death in teenagers aged 14-18 accounting for almost ⅓ of all injury related deaths in the age group. It was also found that about ⅕ of teenagers had also seriosuly contemplated commiting suicide. It also found how teenagers who may be part of a minority group such as the LGBTQ+ were almost 4 times as more likely to consider sucide than a heterosexual person. This article helps show how different groups may be more at risk to suicide than other groups. In my paper, I will use this article to help show how some groups of teenagers may be more at risk for suicide as they are more likely to be outcassed and bullied by society and other teenagers around them. 

Kamenetz, Anya. The Pandemic Has Researchers Worried About Teen Suicide. National Public Radio. 10 Sept. 2020. https://www.npr.org/2020/09/10/911117577/the-pandemic-has-researchers-worried-about-teen-suicide

For this article I wanted to discuss the artwork that the author had chosen to use for the opening of the article. The picture has been used for many articles also discussing similar topics to what's discussed in the article. In the art, it depicts a teenage boy being enclosed and cramped in his room all alone. This art symbolizes how teenagers going through depression can feel trapped and alone like they have no one in the world to talk to about their feelings and thoughts. The boy in the art is also cramped in the room showing how trapped and cramping these horrible thoughts can be to the person and how isolating it can make the world feel. The art work can be used in my paper to help articulate why depression is such an issue in society as it is one of the leading causes to suicide and how teenagers with it may be feeling. 

Nittle, Nadra. How Does Social Media Play a Role in Depression. VeryWell Mind. 17 Nov. 2020. https://www.verywellmind.com/social-media-and-depression-5085354

In this article, written by Nadra Nittle, an author who specializes in health, draws a connection from studies about social media and depression and how the two might be possibly linked. According to a study published in the Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, found that teenagers and adults who used social media experience more strong feelings of sadness and signs of depression more than those who spent less time on social media. This article will help me show why there is a rise in depression in teenagers as social media is a new threat to society recently and its effects on teenagers are only just being discovered and what it can do to somebody's emotional well being, 

Teen Depression. Mayo Clinic. 16 Nov 2018. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/teen-depression/symptoms-causes/syc-20350985

This article is written by Mayo clinic, a very well known and respected medical center, and it discusses the symptoms, causes, and risk factors all involved with teen depression. This article helps give a better understanding to people who may not know much about teen depression. It can help parents and friends recognize it in other teenagers and better be prepared to help with it and know how to get help for them. I will use this article in my paper as a way to better explain what exactly teen depression is and how it can lead to teen suicide. I will also use it to explain methods on how to help people with teen depression and make sure it doesnt get worse eventually leading to possible suicide or suicide attempts.

assignment 16-david butler

 How social isolation and loneliness affects society: The annotated bibliography

By: David Butler

1.  One Other source

Dolva, Karen. “All the Lonely People | Karen Dolva | TEDx Arendal.” YouTube, TEDxArendal, 17          Oct. 2017, www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-Gil9l8yIE. 

This video demonstrates just how impactful isolation and loneliness can be on society as an individual and a whole. The video is a very credible source because it is a branch the ted talks called “TEDx Arendal”. Ted talk heavily interviews and is very selective about who is invited on to be a guest speaker, this means that Karen Dolva is a credible and reliable source. She had a very convincing argument based in logic and reason so as not to leave anything up for debate. She brought up many facts that were well reasoned and demonstrated how much the feeling of loneliness affects us. She made arguments about how it not only affects mental health, but also physical health. This was eye opening and could be used to strengthen and diversify the argument. She related how it affects us physically to numbers and made for a solid convincing argument. 

“that feeling lonely results in a 29% increased risk of heart disease. Feeling lonely also increases the risk of having a stroke by 32%. You might not believe it, but when it comes to heart disease, loneliness is a bigger killer than obesity.” 

This is such a big fact that you could use it as your opening statement, which i likely would in one way or another. She also brings up other facts of how loneliness affects our health care systems and taxes. She says how expensive certain diseases are and how loneliness increase the chances of contracting them. 

“And to give you a specific example of how loneliness is expensive, we can stay on dementia because 66% of all the money we spend on mental healthcare is spent on people suffering from dementia. And loneliness doubles your risk of developing it.”

She later talks about all the money that is spent on these lonely dementia or other health care patients is then just paid by the tax payers. Overall, the presentation had some very strong points and has some points I would have otherwise overlooked. This can help me to form my thesis statement with the points used here.

2. 

1st pure internet source

Sebenius, Isaac. “Anxiety and Depression Are Following a Remarkably Similar Curve to Covid-19 Cases.” Vox, Vox, 15 Dec. 2020, www.vox.com/22174464/covid-cases-anxiety-depression-mental-health. 

This is a reputable internet publishing source as well as the author Isaac Sebenius who 

“is a graduate student in the advanced computer science program at the University of Cambridge, where he researches mental illness by combining machine learning with biological data.”

This article focuses on how along with all the physical ways COVID-19 has affected us, it has also affected us mentally. In fact, the amount that our mental health on average has deteriorated is substantial. They even have graphs and statistics to prove this fact and show just how much it has affected us. The isolation has made for much higher numbers in depression, anxiety, and many more. This gives us a current and relatable example of how isolation can affect our society and what it can do to our mental health.

“Even at its lowest point this summer (early May), the rate of Americans reporting symptoms of anxiety or depression hovered around 34 percent, roughly three times higher than the average of 11 percent reported in a parallel study between January and June 2019.”

The article even went on to talk about how the isolation and correlated mental health symptoms can be shown to be a major drain on the economy. If i had a part of my thesis about how isolation and loneliness can drain the economy then not only could i have this but i could have the video source as evidence. Overall, this could give me a lot of concrete evidence and make it easier for others to put my argument into perspective if I had something like how COVID is currently affecting us with loneliness and isolation.

3.

2nd pure internet source

Harrington, Karra, and Martin J. Sliwinski. “The Loneliness of Social Isolation Can Affect Your Brain and Raise Dementia Risk in Older Adults.” The Conversation, The Conversation, 2 Dec. 2020, 8:19 pm, theconversation.com/the-loneliness-of-social-isolation-can-affect-your-brain-and-raise-dementia-risk-in-older-adults-141752. 

This source is great because both of the authors are doctors and professors so they are trained in the areas addressed in the article so we can consider it accurate. This article starts right off the bat by saying that loneliness is similar and just as detrimental to us as physical pain. It can also cause just as much harm and even lead to higher percentages of diseases. This can further back my points from the other sources about how much loneliness and isolation can truly affect society. It then goes on to say that we perform worse in school and on tests, and we also are more likely to develop dementia when we are lonely “due to increased psychological distress, such as repetitive negative thinking”. 

“Older adults who are socially isolated or feel lonely also tend to perform worse on tests of thinking abilities, especially when required to process information rapidly. “

It also explains a unclear question, how do these feelings get translated into disease? Now there are a number of factors contributing to this. A few are just the stress, anxiety, depression that come with loneliness. However, from those three also comes bad habits such as drinking, smoking, drugs, self harm, infrequent exercise and more. This helps me to explain this in my argument and can be used to strengthen my reasoning. Overall, this was a well reasoned and logical article that helps to describe the mental, physical, and societal effects of loneliness.

4.

1st book or traditional periodical source

Murthy, Vivek. “Loneliness Was a Public Health Crisis Long Before Social Distancing. Here’s How We Can Solve It.” TIME, 26 Mar. 2020. 

This is a very credible source because it is both published from TIME magazine and the author is the 19th Surgeon General of the United States, if anyone is qualified to talk about this topic, it would be he. First he discussed how he found that loneliness ran through many different forms of ailments and wasn't even really addressed. It can tear lives apart and even lessen functionality in society. This can help me to describe the complexities of loneliness and how it isn't really addressed. He then goes on to talk about how we are now disconnected due to covid but that isn't the root of our problem, it started far before. We are in a age of disconnect where we can isolate ourselves from those who don't hold out interests.

“The result is a spiral of disconnection that’s contributing to the unraveling of civil society today.”

He brings up points like how negative our current media is and it feeds us a feeling of disconnect and fear. This brings about a sense that we aren't safe and 

“It erodes our sense that we all belong here.

This anxiety may not initially feel like the loneliness we associate with isolation.”

Then he ends it bt saying that the cure to this fear, this loneliness is human connection. Wherever you can get it, community participation, friend groups, church, sports, you name it. This can be especially useful for my argument if i decided to list solutions to the problem and I could use this as one if not the solution.

5.

2nd book or traditional periodical source

Worland, Justin. “Why Loneliness May Be the Next Big Public-Health Issue.” TIME Magazine, 18 Mar. 2015. 

This is a credible source because it is by TIME magazine who is highly selective of the articles the publish. The author is also credible because “Washington D.C.-based senior correspondent for TIME covering climate change and the intersection of policy, politics and society”. This immediately makes this article something i could use as strong evidence to support my argument. They start the article off with jarring facts like

“living alone were found to be even more devastating to a person’s health than feeling lonely, respectively increasing mortality risk by 29% and 32%.”

This makes it a strong argument that is backed by facts that outline just how much loneliness can affect the body. Worland then points out an interesting fact that wasn't touched on in any of my other sources. The devastating effects of loneliness aren't restricted only those who are unhappy, it can also affect those who are isolated and happy. This means that social isolation in general is the cause of these health issues. This brings light to a overlooked part of my argument and i can use it to strengthen my argument by covering more bases. Overall, this is an important souce for my argument because it helps me round out all the overlooked kinks in my argument and further strengthen it.

Assignment 17: Hurray of Hollywood - During Break - Watch a movie!

It's Oscar season,  that time when movie studios parade out their Oscar contenders.  So for this post I'd like you to go to the movies over the break.

Actually you can just watch at home but I like the idea of you telling your parents that you HAVE to go for a homework assignment. 

Please pick one:

1. I'd like you to pick a genre or director and watch two films by that director and then compare/contrast the two in whatever way you deem appropriate.

2. Go see a film and submit a review of that film here AND on rotten tomatoes.  At the end of your review,  post your so I can see your review "out in the wild."

Minimum of 150 words - due Sunday, January 10 at 11:59 pm

February 14 is the last day to make up blogs 17-19

Assignment 16: Sanat Dharwad

 Chan, Melissa. “Powerball: How Winning the Lottery Makes You Miserable.” Time, Time, 12 Jan. 2016, time.com/4176128/powerball-jackpot-lottery-winners/. 

This article consists mainly of anecdotes from previous lottery winners and their friends, and stories of how the lottery ruined their lives. According to the National Endowment for Financial Education, 70% of people that receive a windfall of cash, like the lottery, will lose it within a few years. According to Don McNay, a financial advisor to lottery winners, hes seen people commit suicide, go bankrupt, and get divorced, all because of the lottery money. One story follows that of Jack Whitaker, who lost his daughter and grand-daughter to drug overdoses, which he blamed on the lottery. Another follows Sandra Hayes, whose family and friends turned into “vampires'' the moment she won the lottery. Abraham Shakespeare was killed by a friend that he had made right after he had won the lottery. From this we see that the problems of winning the lottery can manifest itself in many different ways. One good tale is told in the article however, that of Richard Lustig, who won the lottery 6 times and lived a happy life. The difference between him and the others was how much he had won from the lottery. He had only made 1 million out of his six lottery wins, while the others had made upwards of 20 million in one go, which may have had a different psychological impact. 

Spector, D., Lubin, G., & Kelley, M. B. (2012, April 06). 18 Signs That The Lottery Is Preying On America's Poor. Retrieved December 18, 2020, from https://www.businessinsider.com/lottery-is-a-tax-on-the-poor-2012-4

In this article, many statistics relating income versus how often, and why people play the lottery are examined, taking the viewpoint that the lottery is harmful towards those who have less money. The authors point to a review by the South Carolina Education Lottery that showed that people in households earning under 40,000 a year made up only 28% of the population, but composed 54% of the lottery’s frequent players. The article also points to many studies that find unemployment has a large effect on the rate at which people play the lottery. For example, according to the West Suburban Journal, the two counties in the west side of Chicago with the highest rates of unemployment also generated the highest sales. All of the evidence from this article shows that the lottery profits most off of the poor, while the poor are the group of people that are damaged most by the lottery. They enter because of some hope of money, even though the chances of that are slim, while their coffers are being emptied.

Goldman, David. “Does Powerball Really Fund Education?” CNNMoney, Cable News Network, 14 Jan. 2016, money.cnn.com/2016/01/13/news/powerball-education. 

This article discusses where the revenue from the lottery really goes, as some of what the lottery says is misleading. Lottery money in some states doesn't supplement money going to certain programs, it just replaces it. In this case, the money originally headed to those programs just goes to the general pool of money. This is the case in South Carolina, and since North Carolina fits this example and says that “100% of the proceeds go to the public education budget,” this is essentially false advertising, as the education system doesn’t get any more money depending on how many people play the lottery. In 2013, the US produced 20 billion dollars of revenue from the lottery, which went back into the states’ revenue pools. This shows how important the lottery is for funding. Just to put this in proportion (though this is not in the article) the annual state budget of Kansas is 18.4 billion dollars.

“Alabama Gets Session Date for Lottery Question.” Bond Buyer, vol. 1, no. 34555, Aug. 2016, p. 15. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,cpid,url&custid=s1176192&db=buh&AN=117218136.

This article covers the Alabama legislature’s decision on whether or not to include a question on the ballot for implementing a state lottery, which took place in 2016. The state had been running low on revenue, and Gov. Robert Bentley said that the lottery would provide an expected revenue of 225 million dollars. While critics didn’t want a lottery for ethical reasons, thinking that the lottery is a form of gambling, Bentley said "it's time we stop supporting other states' budgets and keep our money at home to solve our own problems," basically arguing that gambling through the lottery would happen anyways by virtue of people using the other states’ lottery, so establishing one in Alabama won't increase the amount of gambling at all. Earlier in the year, the fiscal budget passed through Bentley’s veto, which he did because the budget was 85 million dollars short of funding medicaid, a reason why the lottery seems necessary to pass.

Galka, Max “Who Plays the Lottery” The Single Largest Tax on Poor Families: the Lottery?,2015, https://metrocosm.com/could-the-lottery-be-the-largest-tax

This graph compares socioeconomic status (measured by quintiles) with the percent of population playing the lottery, as well as the number of days played. It shows how those in lower income quintiles are much more likely to play the lottery, the lower quintiles having a higher percentage of the population  playing and more games played. This graph helps show how people in lower income brackets disproportionately participate in the lottery. This graph relies on cited information, so it is credible. 

Assignment 16 - Eleanor Badgett

 Bivens, Rena. Digital Currents : How Technology and the Public Are Shaping TV News. University of Toronto Press, Scholarly Publishing Division, 2013. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,cpid,url&custid=s1176192&db=e000xna&AN=693856.

This book examines the 24 hour news cycle through the view of technological evolution and the growth and development of social media. This in depth look provides a new perspective on the downfalls of a 24 hour news cycle and information valuable to how the subject is presently changing. Further, in her book, Bivens provides a unique look into the public’s participation, consumption, and interpretation of news and the way it has changed with technology, as well as, its threat to the integrity of professional journalism. Published by University of Toronto Press, a scholarly distributor, and written by Rena Bivens, a researcher and professor of Communications, this source is credible. 

“CNN and the 24-Hour News Cycle.” Edited by Eric Effron, C-SPAN, 30 May 2001, www.c-span.org/video/?164541-1%2Fcnn-24-hour-news-cycle. 

This open forum style video examines the influence CNN and and other copy-cat 24-hour reporting outlets have on the news cycle in general. After opening remarks by Frank Sesno, Journalist and CNN correspondent for coverage of the White House, the floor opens up to audience members with questions concerning the shift towards 24-hours news reporting. The main conclusion of Sesno and Effron is that while this change to a constant news cycle can be beneficial for getting information out there, it comes along with a harmful shift from real news to more fluff. Produced and broadcasted by C-SPAN, a nonprofit public service,  this video provides an unbiased look at the public’s early perception of and questions about the shift to an ongoing news cycle combined with experts’ opinions, giving a complete picture of the scene at the time. While this source was published in 2001, it is still relevant today due to the fact that the changes that were new in 2001 are around still today, serving as a great measurement of the growth and change within the 24-hour news cycle as time goes on. 

Grueskin, Bill, et al. The Story So Far : What We Know About the Business of Digital Journalism. Columbia University Press, 2011. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=ip,cpid,url&custid=s1176192&db=e000xna&AN=953996.

This source examines the effectiveness of online reporting and news and dives deeply into the financial side of a 24-hour news cycle. Specifically, the book looks at media advertising models, alternative media platforms, paywalls, as well as new and promising emerging approaches to media distribution. The information and conclusions drawn in this book provide a unique way of looking at the 24-Hour news cycle. While not directly focused on the topic, the dissection of media and its profits and successes provide valuable insight to the motive of media methods, as well as possibilities for future projection of media. The book, published as a part of Columbia's Journalism Review Books series, provides a well researched, sochlary dive into media. Led by Bill Grueskin, a professor at Columbia’s Journalism school, the research and compilation of ideas that went into this book are also valid and credible.

Hansen, Liane, and David Folkenflik. “The Power of the 24-Hour News Cycle.” NPR, 29 May 2005. 

This article and conversation focuses on the evolution of cable news and the development of the 24-Hour news cycle, specifically CNN and its pioneering role in the cycle. This source was distributed by National Public Radio, a generally unbiased outlet with a good handle on the nation's media and happenings.  The information in this source is presented by David Folkenflick, a media correspondent for the radio, giving great insight to the topic of media development. While this source was published in 2005, it is still relevant due to the fact that the developments of the 24-Hour news cycle in 2005 are still around today, in most cases amplified by the growth of social media. 

Tomlin-Crutchfield, Michael. “Rethinking the 24-Hour News Cycle.” HuffPost , 5 Dec. 2017, www.huffpost.com. 

This article talks about how cable news has drifted from the values of traditional journalism, leading to an over-stimulated and desensitized public, specifically in relationship to election coverage. Additionally, Tomlin-Crutchfield examines the usual situation of the perpetual rise and growth of constant news amidst a dramatic decline in cable viewership.  Written by Tomlin-Crtuchfield, an established journalist, and published by HuffPost, a “people first” news outlet, this source provides a personal perspective on the effects of a 24 hour news cycle. The election related information in this source presents unique evidence through and about an important outlook, contributing to my topic. 

Ghazzal Hammad - Assignment 16

“Alcohol Use in Movies Tied to Teen Drinking.” CNN, Cable News Network, 5 Mar. 2012, www.cnn.com/videos/health/2012/03/05/hm-movies-teen-drinking.cnn.

In this video, CNN anchor and entertainment editor Paul Chambers discusses the outcome of a study by journal Pediatric involving teens across the world. Pediatric is a reliable, peer-reviewed medical journal published by the American Academy of Pediatrics. In the study they conducted, they surveyed 16,500 students from ages 10-19 in various European countries. They were asked how often they had consumed five alcoholic beverages on one occasion, and they were inquired about what types of movies they watched.

The survey found that 86% of the movies had at least one scene involving drinking. Overall, 27% of the adolescents had engaged in binge drinking. This study highlights the strong correlation between alcohol use in movies and teenage binge drinking in the countries observed. 

Using this video will help provide a clear example of the effect that alcohol use in movies has on the drinking habits of teens in European countries, which could apply to the habits of teens in the United States as well. It would support my overall argument by proving that underage binge drinking is heavily influenced by scenes from movies. It also proves that one of the biggest external factors in teenage drinking stems from scenes in films.

Klass, Perri. “When Teen Drinking Becomes a Disorder.” The New York Times, The New York Times, 21 Oct. 2019, www.nytimes.com/2019/10/21/well/family/Teenage-drinking-alcohol-disorder.html.

In this article, M.D. Perri Klass discussed how teenage drinking can often lead directly to alcohol disorder. Klass is a certified pediatrician who is well known for her writings and research about medicine; therefore, she is a reliable source for the behavior of adolescents and children. 

In her article, she uses research and experiments to detail the many different ways that teenagers are influenced to drink as a result of societal pressures, genetics, hormones, lack of information, and their surroundings. Klass stresses the importance of educating teenagers about alcohol use, and she urges parents to confront their children about it in order to clearly communicate values and expectations. 

This article would be useful to include in my paper because it includes information about the external and internal factors that influence alcohol use and binge drinking as a teen. Many of these factors -- including media, peers, and romantic partners -- could be avoided with the right precautions, which would help reduce teenage binge drinking and the eventual alcohol abuse/disorder that follows. It highlights many of the social factors that lead to underage drinking and stresses the importance of educating teenagers in order to prevent binge drinking and the inevitable harms that result from it.

Steinmetz, Katy. “Teen Study: Kids Who Watch Boozy Films More Likely to Drink.” Time, Time, 13 Apr. 2015, time.com/3818086/teen-drinking-study/.

This article, written by TIME reporter Katy Steinmetz, analyzes the effect that alcohol use in movies has on teenagers and their drinking habits. Steinmetz mentions how a study from the journal Pediatrics -- a peer-reviewed medical journal published by the American Academy of Pediatrics -- found that 15-year-olds who had watched a significant amount of alcohol being consumed in films were more likely to try alcohol than their peers. 

Steinmetz then discusses a new paper written by Dr. Andrea Waylen, who has a PhD and is a senior lecturer in social sciences. Waylen’s study used data from the United Kingdom, where over 5,000 15-year-olds were surveyed on their drinking habits and asked whether or not they had seen a random selection of 50 popular films. Once other external factors had been identified and controlled, the researchers found that the kids who had been exposed to the most alcohol use in movies were 20% more likely to have tried alcohol and 70% more likely to binge drink than their peers. This also made them more likely to have alcohol-related problems, including police encounters or difficulty focusing on school/work. 

This article would be very helpful in strengthening my paper because it would show the detrimental effects of watching alcohol-related films. The study clearly shows that one of the biggest external factors in underage binge drinking comes from viewing excess alcohol use in movies. The article mentions how many similar studies from other countries have produced similar results. These shared results emphasize the impact that alcohol in movies has on the drinking habits of adolescents.

“Underage Drinking Prevention Poster Contest Names Winner.” WICZ, 23 Apr. 2018, www.wicz.com/story/38021998/underage-drinking-prevention-poster-contest-names-winner.

This website includes a drawing made by a high school sophomore named Cheyenne Stinson, who won a poster-making contest about the effect of underage drinking. In her poster, she depicts a road that forks into two. Down one side, there is a life full of happiness, success, and good health. Down the other path, there is a life full of addiction, despair, and rehabilitation. 

This poster shows the detrimental effects that underage drinking and alcohol abuse can have. Addiction, especially at a young age, ruins lives and diminishes the chance for a good future. Using this drawing in my essay would be useful because it visually represents the harmfulness of alcohol use at a young age. Although my paper is focused more on external factors that influence drinking during adolescence, understanding the impacts that premature alcohol abuse can have is vital. Knowing both the causes and effects of underage drinking helps identify and fix problems before they escalate.

Wallace, Kelly. “The More Alcohol Ads Kids See, the More Alcohol They Consume.” CNN, Cable News Network, 9 Sept. 2016, www.cnn.com/2016/09/07/health/kids-alcohol-ads-impact-underage-drinking/index.html.

This article, written by CNN television journalist Kelly Wallace, analyzes the effect that alcohol advertising and marketing has on teenage alcohol use. She discusses how a number of new, recent studies have shown a direct correlation between a child’s exposure to alcohol advertising and their consumption of those specific brands. 

A new study from the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs (a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes research articles on the use and misuse of drugs and alcohol) found that underage drinkers who did not watch advertisements for alcohol drank about 14 drinks per month (on average). However, teenagers who watched alcohol ads drank around 33 drinks per month. The underage drinkers who were exposed to the greatest amount of alcohol advertising consumed over 200 drinks monthly.

Wallace’s article would be very useful in my paper, because it shows one of the biggest external contributors to underage binge drinking. As mentioned in the study, teens who were exposed to alcohol-related advertising were significantly more likely to ingest large amounts of alcohol than teens who were not exposed to these ads. This shows that advertising for alcohol is one of the largest external factors in adolescent drinking. 

Extra Source: 

Jimison, Robert. “Teen Student Drinking Declines, but 1 in 6 Binge Drink, CDC Report Says.” CNN, Cable News Network, 11 May 2017, www.cnn.com/2017/05/11/health/high-school-drinking-rates-cdc/index.html.

This article discusses the amount of binge drinking done by teenagers in the United States. The source, written by  Robert Jimison, points out that one in six high school students surveyed admitted to binge drinking in the past month. The ingestion of these high amounts of alcohol are very detrimental to the health of adolescents. Jimison discusses how binge drinking can result in alcohol poisoning, injury, and even death. He also uses information from Dr. Gail Saltz, a professor of clinical psychiatry in New York. Saltz points out that many of these drinking habits typically stem from one’s home -- parent consumption of alcohol has a large influence on a child’s consumption. 

This article would be useful in my paper because it highlights the number of teens in the United States that binge drink. Jimison also points out the health repercussions that adolescents are susceptible to when they binge drink, and he emphasizes the need for parents and guardians to set a good example for their children in their homes to avoid bad drinking habits. He stresses the need for better parenting in order to save a child from harmful alcohol effects such as addiction, death, arrests, and abuse. 

Assignment 16-Aiden Beach

Makarova, Elena Aleksandrovna, and Elena Lvovna Makarova. “Aggressive Behavior in Online Games and Cybervictimization of Teenagers and Adolescents.” International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, vol. 12, no. 2, Dec. 2019, pp. 157–165, https://www.ie jee.com/index.php/IEJEE. Accessed 17 Dec. 2020.

This scholarly article is good for research, because it studies how video games can cause cyberbullying between teenagers. It also was very recently published, being around a year old.

Greitemeyer, Tobias, et al. “Are Everyday Sadists Specifically Attracted to Violent Video Games and Do They Emotionally Benefit from Playing Those Games?” Aggressive Behavior, vol. 45, no. 2, Mar. 2019, pp. 206–213, doi:10.1002/ab.21810. Accessed 17 Dec. 2020.

This scholarly article is very credible and recent, being under two years old. Unlike the other sources, this article contemplates whether or not violent video games can be a good outlet for sadists.

Kühn, Simone, et al. “Does playing violent video games cause aggression? A longitudinal intervention study.” Nature, 13 Mar. 2018, doi:10.1038/s41380-018-0031-7. Accessed 18 Dec. 2020.

This article in a web magazine is not as recent as the other sources, but still very recent, being less than three years old. This article includes several sources of research for their information, and unlike the other sources, this source tests aggression by using two different games of completely different genres.

Anderson, Craig A., et al. “Screen Violence and Youth Behavior.” Pediatrics, Nov. 2017 doi:10.1542/peds. 2016-1758T. Accessed 18 Dec. 2020.

This article is slightly over three years old, but is still very recent, and the source it comes from is a very credible foundation. Unlike the other sources, this source uses graphs to show data frequently, and instead of just focusing on aggression, it focuses on other aspects such as arousal and empathy, tying all of those back to aggression.

“Psychologists see violent video games differently than the rest of us.” CNBC, uploaded by CNBC, 22 Dec. 2019, https://www.cnbc.com/2019/12/20/scientists-disagree-complete ly-on-the-impact-of-violent-video-games.html.

This video is just under a year old and comes from a very credible news source. The way this source differs from the other sources is that since it’s a video, they can and do bring in psychiatrists to talk to live about video games being linked with aggression.